The Hot Extrusion Process - How It Functions And What Are Its Sub-Processes

The extrusion process can be grouped as hot extrusion, warm extrusion and cold extrusion. These three types vary in the temperatures to which metals are exposed to and several other aspects. To make things clearer, let me start by defining the term extrusion.

What is extrusion?

Extrusion is a procedure used in metals to transform them into different forms. The final products are then utilized in several industries such as automobile and aircraft companies. The process of shaping the metal is done by punching it into a range of dies until the required shape is attained. Machineries and tools that come in different sizes and functionalities are used in order to do things faster and more effectively.

What is hot extrusion?

Hot extrusion can also be referred to as hot working. It is the procedure where a piece of metal is warped or melted by using heat higher than its recrystallization temperature.

Hot extrusion may involve various sub-processes and they are drawing, forging, rolling and rotary piercing.

In drawing, tensile forces are used to lengthen a metal. You can do any of the following drawing forms: sheet, bar, tube or wire drawing.

In forging, localized compressive pushes do the job. There are a minimum of seven most common types and they include: drop, roll, press, upset, automatic hot, net-shape, near-net-shape, and induction forging.

In rolling, a pair or series of rolls are used where a metal stock can pass through. Flat, ring, and foil rolling are basically three of the usual rolling processes used currently.

In rotary piercing, smooth tubing that has thick walls is formed. This technique has two kinds: the Stiefel process and the Mannesmann process.

What are the advantages of hot extrusion over the other extrusion processes?

Some of the advantages of doing hot extrusion are listed below:

1. The material created via hot extrusion is more ductile than the material produced via other processes.

2. It is much simpler to perform hot extrusion because it requires less force and energy.

3. During the bend process, the pores found in the metal are reduced in size or are totally closed up.

4. Because this process is performed at quite high temperatures, chemical inhomogeneities are curtailed or are totally eradicated.

But, just like other elements in this world, hot extrusion also has disadvantages. Here are some:

1. There might be unwanted reactions that may cause from the exposure of the metal to the atmosphere of the surroundings.

2. You may need to invest in costly devices like an induction heater or a diesel furnace.

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